William Shakespeare is the greatest of all
playwrights and poets of all times. Not
much is known of his life. He was probably the son of a businessman and was
born in 1564 in Stradford-upon-Avon. He probably attended the local grammar
school and got a classical education. In 1582 he married Anne Hathaway and had
3 children. Little is known of his life before 1592, when he appeared as a
playwright in London. Soon he became an actor playing supporting roles like the
ghost in "Hamlet". In 1599 Shakespeare became a part owner of the
Globe Theatre in London.
Shakespeare's work as a playwright is
subdivided into 3 periods. Written in the first period, Shakespeare's plays are
mostly history plays like "Henry VI", and comedies with strong
elements of farce. His masterpiece of this period is "Romeo and
Juliet". In the second period Shakespeare wrote a number of comedies where
he moved away from farce towards romance. In the third period, after 1600,
appeared his major tragedies - "Hamlet", "Othello". They
presented a clear opposition of order to chaos, good to evil. Shakespeare was a
great poet and would be well known for his poetry alone. His major achievement
as a poet is his sonnets, first published in 1609. A sonnet is a poem
consisting of 14 lines, with a moral at the end. The sonnets are addressed to
some "W.H.", and to mysterious "Dark Lady of Sonnets". The
sonnets deal with the great themes of love, friendship, death, change and
immortality. Shakespeare looks at his own poetry as a means of immortality.
Shakespeare's sonnets are excellent. They are full of harmony and music; they
praise love, friendship and beauty, though there is no sentimentality in them.
Shakespeare's poetry is at the summit of human achievement. Many centuries have
passed since his death in 1616, but Shakespeare is still considered to be the
greatest of all playwrights and poets. The prideses of Shakespeare. The most
brilliant period of English literature was in the second half of the 16'th and
begining of 17'th centure.Sometimes it's called "Elizabethen age"
after quen Elizabeth 5. England had
become a geat world power. It had established wide commercial contact with
countries And rich trading company had been organaized. The english people were
now a great nation and the english language inriched was now not unlike the
language of Chaucer. Many famous poetical and prose works appeared. Among those
who inriched the literary haritage of this period ere sir Philip Sydney, Adnond
Spenser and Christother Marlowe. There were fine works of poetry and prose in
the Elizabethen age but the greatest hight's of literature of this period were
riached in drama. 2. Life of Shakespeare. The great poet and dramatist William
Shakespeare is often called by his people "Our National Bard",
"The Immortal. Poet of nature" and "The Great Unknown".
More than two hundred contemporary references to Shakespeare have been located
amoung church records, legal records, documents in the Public Record Office,
and miscellaneous repositories. When these owe assembled, we have at least the
sceleton out line of his life, begining with his baptist on April 26, 1564, in
Trinity Churche, Stratford-on-Avon, and ending with his burial there on April
25, 1616. Shakespeare native place was Sratford-on-Avon, a little town in
Warwickshive, which is generally described as beign in the middle of England.
Shakespeare's father, John, was a prosperious glove maker of Stratford who,
after holding minor municipal offices, was elected high bailiff of Stratford.
Shakespeare's mother Mary Arden, came from an affluent family of landowners.
Shakespeare probably recieved his early education at the exellent Stratford
Grammar School, supervised by an Oxford graduate, where he would have learned
Latin smattering of Greek. In 1582 Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, who lived
in a neighboring hamlet. The first child born to Ann and William was their
daughter Susanna. In about two years Ann bore him twins a boy and a girl,
Hamlet and Jidith. Then life in Stratford became intolerable for William
Shakespeare and he dicided to go to London and began a theatrical career.
Shakespeare major activity lay in the field of drama. He became a full
shaveholder in his acting company, he was partowner of "the Globe"
theatre and later of "the Blackfriars" theatre, and in 1597 he
purchased property in Strarford. Including new place, one of the largest houses
in the town. He probably refired there about 1610, travelling of London when
necessary to take cave of his theatrical business. In all, 154 sonnets
seguence. The sonnets were probably written in the 1590 but were first
published in 1609. 3. Shakespeare's works. Shakespeare's literary work is
usually divided into three periods. The first period of his creative work falls
between 1590 and 1600. Shakespeare's comedies belong to the first period of his
creativ work. They all are written in his playfull manner and and in the
brilliant poetry that conveys the spectator to Italy. Some of the first plays
of the first period are: "Richard 3" (1592), "The comedy of
errors" (1592), "Romeo and Juliet" (1594), "Julius
Caesar" (1599), "As you like it" (1599), 1600 - "Twelth
night". Shakespe-are's poems are also attributed to the first period,
"Venus and Adonis" and "Lucrece", and 154 sonnets.
"Venus and Adonis" was the first of Shakespeare's works that came off
the press. The second period of Shakespeare's creative work during from 1600 to
1608. His famous tragedies appeared at this time. In the plays of this period
the dramatist reaches his full maturity. He presents great humans problems. His
tragedies and historical plays made Shakespeare the greatest humanist of the
English Renaissanse. Some plays of the second period: 1601 - "Hamlet",
1604 - "Othello". Shakespeare's plays of the third period are called
the "Romantic dramas". There is no tragic tension in these plays.
This period lasted from 1609 till 1612. 1609 - "Cymbeline", 1610 -
"The Winters Tale", 1612 - "Henry 8".
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